Initial Commit

12 years ago · 2c13e6148d
--- a/+ 7
+++ b/+ 7
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@

 WiringPi: An implementation of most of the Arduino Wiring
 	functions for the Raspberry Pi

 Full details at:
 	https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/

--- a/examples/Makefile
+++ b/examples/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
 #
 # Makefile:
 #	wiringPi - Wiring Compatable library for the Raspberry Pi
 #	https://projects.drogon.net/wiring-pi
 #
 #	Copyright (c) 2012 Gordon Henderson
 #################################################################################
 # This file is part of wiringPi:
 #	Wiring Compatable library for the Raspberry Pi
 #
 #    wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 #    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 #    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 #    (at your option) any later version.
 #
 #    wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 #    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 #    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 #    GNU General Public License for more details.
 #
 #    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 #    along with wiringPi.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #################################################################################


 #DEBUG	= -g -O0
 DEBUG	= -O3
 CC	= gcc
 INCLUDE	= -I/usr/local/include
 CFLAGS	= $(DEBUG) -Wall $(INCLUDE) -Winline -pipe

 LDFLAGS	= -L/usr/local/lib
 LIBS    = -lwiringPi

 # Should not alter anything below this line
 ###############################################################################

 SRC	=	test1.c test2.c speed.c

 OBJ	=	test1.o test2.o speed.o

 all:		test1 test2 speed

 test1:	test1.o
 	@echo [link]
 	$(CC) -o $@ test1.o $(LDFLAGS) $(LIBS)
 	
 test2:	test2.o
 	@echo [link]
 	$(CC) -o $@ test2.o $(LDFLAGS) $(LIBS)

 speed:	speed.o
 	@echo [link]
 	$(CC) -o $@ speed.o $(LDFLAGS) $(LIBS)
 	

 .c.o:
 	@echo [CC] $<
 	@$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

 clean:
 	rm -f $(OBJ) *~ core tags test1 test2 speed

 tags:	$(SRC)
 	@echo [ctags]
 	@ctags $(SRC)

 depend:
 	makedepend -Y $(SRC)

 # DO NOT DELETE
--- a/examples/speed.c
+++ b/examples/speed.c
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@

 /*
 * speed.c:
 *	Simple program to measure the speed of the various GPIO
 *	access mechanisms.
 */

 #include <wiringPi.h>

 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdint.h>

 #define	FAST_COUNT	10000000
 #define	SLOW_COUNT	 1000000


 int main (void)
 {
  int i ;
  uint32_t start, end, count, sum, perSec ;

  printf ("Raspberry Pi wiringPi speed test program\n") ;

 // Start the standard way

  if (wiringPiSetup () == -1)
    exit (1) ;

  printf ("Native wiringPi method: (%8d iterations)\n", FAST_COUNT) ;

  pinMode (0, OUTPUT) ;

  sum = 0 ;
  for (i = 0 ; i < 3 ; ++i)
  {
    printf ("  Pass: %d: ", i) ;
    fflush (stdout) ;

    start = millis () ;
    for (count = 0 ; count < FAST_COUNT ; ++count)
      digitalWrite (0, 1) ;
    end = millis () ;
    printf (" %8dmS\n", end - start) ;
    sum += (end - start) ;
  }
  digitalWrite (0, 0) ;
  printf ("   Average: %8dmS", sum / 3) ;
  perSec = (int)(double)FAST_COUNT / (double)((double)sum / 3.0) * 1000.0 ;
  printf (": %6d/sec\n", perSec) ;


  printf ("Native GPIO method: (%8d iterations)\n", FAST_COUNT) ;

  wiringPiGpioMode (WPI_MODE_GPIO) ;

  pinMode (17, OUTPUT) ;

  sum = 0 ;
  for (i = 0 ; i < 3 ; ++i)
  {
    printf ("  Pass: %d: ", i) ;
    fflush (stdout) ;

    start = millis () ;
    for (count = 0 ; count < 10000000 ; ++count)
      digitalWrite (17, 1) ;
    end = millis () ;
    printf (" %8dmS\n", end - start) ;
    sum += (end - start) ;
  }
  digitalWrite (17, 0) ;
  printf ("   Average: %8dmS", sum / 3) ;
  perSec = (int)(double)FAST_COUNT / (double)((double)sum / 3.0) * 1000.0 ;
  printf (": %6d/sec\n", perSec) ;


 // Switch to SYS mode:

  wiringPiSetupSys () ;

  printf ("/sys/class/gpio method: (%8d iterations)\n", SLOW_COUNT) ;

  sum = 0 ;
  for (i = 0 ; i < 3 ; ++i)
  {
    printf ("  Pass: %d: ", i) ;
    fflush (stdout) ;

    start = millis () ;
    for (count = 0 ; count < SLOW_COUNT ; ++count)
      digitalWrite (17, 1) ;
    end = millis () ;
    printf (" %8dmS\n", end - start) ;
    sum += (end - start) ;
  }
  digitalWrite (17, 0) ;
  printf ("   Average: %8dmS", sum / 3) ;
  perSec = (int)(double)SLOW_COUNT / (double)((double)sum / 3.0) * 1000.0 ;
  printf (": %6d/sec\n", perSec) ;

  return 0 ;
 }
--- a/examples/test1
+++ b/examples/test1
--- a/examples/test1.c
+++ b/examples/test1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@

 /*
 * test1.c:
 *	Simple test program to test the wiringPi functions
 */

 #include <wiringPi.h>

 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdint.h>


 // Simple sequencer data
 //	Triplets of LED, On/Off and delay

 uint8_t data [] =
 {
            0, 1, 1,
            1, 1, 1,
  0, 0, 0,  2, 1, 1,
  1, 0, 0,  3, 1, 1,
  2, 0, 0,  4, 1, 1,
  3, 0, 0,  5, 1, 1,
  4, 0, 0,  6, 1, 1,
  5, 0, 0,  7, 1, 1,
  6, 0, 1,
  7, 0, 1,

  0, 0, 1,	// Extra delay

 // Back again

            7, 1, 1,
            6, 1, 1,
  7, 0, 0,  5, 1, 1,
  6, 0, 0,  4, 1, 1,
  5, 0, 0,  3, 1, 1,
  4, 0, 0,  2, 1, 1,
  3, 0, 0,  1, 1, 1,
  2, 0, 0,  0, 1, 1,
  1, 0, 1,
  0, 0, 1,

  0, 0, 1,	// Extra delay

  9, 9, 9,	// End marker

 } ;


 int main (void)
 {
  int pin ;
  int dataPtr ;
  int l, s, d ;

  printf ("Raspberry Pi wiringPi test program\n") ;

  if (wiringPiSetup () == -1)
    exit (1) ;

  for (pin = 0 ; pin < 8 ; ++pin)
    pinMode (pin, OUTPUT) ;

  pinMode (8, INPUT) ; 	// Pin 8 SDA0 - Has on-board 2k2 pull-up resistor

  dataPtr = 0 ;

  for (;;)
  {
    l = data [dataPtr++] ;	// LED
    s = data [dataPtr++] ;	// State
    d = data [dataPtr++] ;	// Duration (10ths)

    if ((l + s + d) == 27)
    {
      dataPtr = 0 ;
      continue ;
    }

    digitalWrite (l, s) ;

    if (digitalRead (8) == 0)	// Pressed as our switch shorts to ground
      delay (d * 10) ;	// Faster!
    else
      delay (d * 100) ;
  }

  return 0 ;
 }
--- a/examples/test2
+++ b/examples/test2
--- a/examples/test2.c
+++ b/examples/test2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@

 /*
 * test2.c:
 *	Simple test program to test the wiringPi functions
 *	PWM test
 */

 #include <wiringPi.h>

 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdint.h>

 int main (void)
 {
  int bright ;

  printf ("Raspberry Pi wiringPi PWM test program\n") ;

  if (wiringPiSetup () == -1)
    exit (1) ;

  pinMode (1, PWM_OUTPUT) ;

  for (;;)
  {
    for (bright = 0 ; bright < 1024 ; ++bright)
    {
      pwmWrite (1, bright) ;
      delay (1) ;
    }

    for (bright = 1023 ; bright >= 0 ; --bright)
    {
      pwmWrite (1, bright) ;
      delay (1) ;
    }
  }

  return 0 ;
 }
--- a/gpio/COPYING
+++ b/gpio/COPYING
@@ -0,0 +1,674 @@
                    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
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 License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.

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 permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
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            How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs

  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
 possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
 free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.

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 to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
 state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
 the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.

    <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
    Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>

    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.

  If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
 notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:

    <program>  Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
    This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.

 The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
 parts of the General Public License.  Of course, your program's commands
 might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".

  You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
 if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
 For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

  The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
 into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you
 may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
 the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
 Public License instead of this License.  But first, please read
 <http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.
--- a/gpio/Makefile
+++ b/gpio/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
 #
 # Makefile:
 #	wiringPi - Wiring Compatable library for the Raspberry Pi
 #	https://projects.drogon.net/wiring-pi
 #
 #	Copyright (c) 2012 Gordon Henderson
 #################################################################################
 # This file is part of wiringPi:
 #	Wiring Compatable library for the Raspberry Pi
 #
 #    wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 #    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 #    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 #    (at your option) any later version.
 #
 #    wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 #    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 #    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 #    GNU General Public License for more details.
 #
 #    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 #    along with wiringPi.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #################################################################################


 #DEBUG	= -g -O0
 DEBUG	= -O3
 CC	= gcc
 INCLUDE	= -I/usr/local/include
 CFLAGS	= $(DEBUG) -Wall $(INCLUDE) -Winline -pipe

 LDFLAGS	= -L/usr/local/lib
 LIBS    = -lwiringPi

 # Should not alter anything below this line
 ###############################################################################

 SRC	=	gpio.c

 OBJ	=	gpio.o

 all:		gpio

 gpio:	gpio.o
 	@echo [LD]
 	@$(CC) -o $@ gpio.o $(LDFLAGS) $(LIBS)
 	
 .c.o:
 	@echo [CC] $<
 	@$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

 clean:
 	rm -f $(OBJ) gpio *~ core tags

 tags:	$(SRC)
 	@echo [ctags]
 	@ctags $(SRC)

 depend:
 	makedepend -Y $(SRC)

 install:
 	cp gpio /usr/local/bin
 	chown root.root /usr/local/bin/gpio
 	chmod 4755 /usr/local/bin/gpio
 	mkdir -p /usr/local/man/man1
 	cp gpio.1 /usr/local/man/man1

 uninstall:
 	rm -f /usr/local/bin/gpio
 	rm -f /usr/local/man/man1/gpio.1

 # DO NOT DELETE
--- a/gpio/gpio.1
+++ b/gpio/gpio.1
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
 .TH "GPIO" "14 June 2012" "Command-Line access to Raspberry Pi GPIO"

 .SH NAME
 gpio \- Command-line access to Raspberry Pi GPIO

 .SH SYNOPSIS
 .B gpio
 .RB [ \-g ]
 .RB < read/write/pwm/mode ...>
 .TP
 .B gpio
 .RB < export/unexport/exports ...>

 .SH DESCRIPTION

 .B GPIO
 is a command line tool to allow the user easy access to the GPIO pins
 on the Raspberry Pi. It's designed for simple testing and diagnostic
 purposes, but can be used in shell scripts for general if somewhat slow
 control of the GPIO pins.

 Additionally, it can be used to set the exports in the /sys/class/gpio
 system directory to allow subsequent programs to use the /sys/class/gpio
 interface without needing to be run as root.

 .SH OPTIONS

 .TP
 .B \-g
 Use the BCM_GPIO pins numbers rather than WiringPi pin numbers.

 .TP
 .B read
 Read the digital value of the given pin and print 0 or 1 to represent the
 respective logic levels.

 .TP
 .B write
 Write the given value (0 or 1) to the pin.

 .TP
 .B pwm
 Write a PWM value (0-1023) to the given pin.

 .TP
 .B mode
 Set a pin into input, output or pwm mode. Can also use the literals up, down or tri
 to set the internal pull-up, pull-down or tristate controls.

 .TP
 .B export
 Export a GPIO pin in the /sys/class/gpio directory. Use like the mode command above
 however only in and out are supported at this time.

 Once a GPIO pin has been exported, the
 .B gpio
 program changes the ownership of the /sys/class/gpio/gpioX/value pseudo file to
 that of the user running the
 .B gpio
 program. This means that you can have a small script of gpio exports to setup
 the gpio pins as your program requires without the need to run anything as
 root, or with the sudo command.

 .TP
 .B unexport
 Un-Export a GPIO pin in the /sys/class/gpio directory.

 .TP
 .B exports
 Print a list (if any) of all the exported GPIO pins and their current values.

 .SH "WiringPi vs. GPIO Pin numbering"

 .PP
 .TS
 r r l.
 WiringPi	GPIO	Function
 _
 0	17
 1	18	(PWM)
 2	21
 3	22
 4	23
 5	24
 6	25
 7	4
 8	0	SDA0
 9	1	SCL0
 10	8	SPI CE0
 11	7	SPI CE1
 12	10	SPI MOSI
 13	9	SPI MISO
 14	11	SPI SCLK
 15	14	TxD
 16	15	RxD
 .TE

 .SH FILES

 .TP 2.2i
 .I gpio
 executable

 .SH EXAMPLES
 .TP 2.2i
 gpio mode 4 output # Set pin 4 to output
 .PP
 gpio -g mode 23 output # Set GPIO pin 23 to output (same as WiringPi pin 4)
 .PP
 gpio mode 1 pwm # Set pin 1 to PWM mode
 .PP
 gpio pwm 1 512 # Set pin 1 to PWM value 512 - half brightness
 .PP
 gpio export 17 out # Set GPIO Pin 17 to output
 .PP
 gpio export 0 in # Set GPIO Pin 0 (SDA0) to input.
 .PP
 gpio -g read 0 # Read GPIO Pin 0 (SDA0)

 .SH "NOTES"

 When using the export or unexport commands, the pin numbers are
 .B always
 native GPIO numbers and never wiringPi pin numbers.

 .SH "SEE ALSO"

 .LP
 WiringPi's home page
 .IP
 https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/

 .SH AUTHOR

 Gordon Henderson

 .SH "REPORTING BUGS"

 Report bugs to <gordon@drogon.net>

 .SH COPYRIGHT

 Copyright (c) 2012 Gordon Henderson
 This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
 warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
--- a/gpio/gpio.c
+++ b/gpio/gpio.c
@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
 /*
 * gpio.c:
 *	Set-UID command-line interface to the Raspberry Pi's GPIO
 *	Copyright (c) 2012 Gordon Henderson
 ***********************************************************************
 * This file is part of wiringPi:
 *	https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/
 *
 *    wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 *    (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *    wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *    GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *    along with wiringPi.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 ***********************************************************************
 */

 #include <wiringPi.h>

 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 //#include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>


 static int wpMode ;


 char *usage = "Usage: gpio [-g] <read/write/pwm/mode/export/unexport/exports> ..." ;


 /*
 * doExports:
 *	List all GPIO exports
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void doExports (void)
 {
  int fd ;
  int i, l, first ;
  char fName [128] ;
  char dir, val ;

 // Rather crude, but who knows what others are up to...

  for (first = 0, i = 0 ; i < 64 ; ++i)
  {

 // Try to read the direction

    sprintf (fName, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/direction", i) ;
    if ((fd = open (fName, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
      continue ;

    if (first == 0)
    {
      ++first ;
      printf ("GPIO Pins exported:\n") ;
    }

    printf ("%4d: ", i) ;

    if ((l = read (fd, &dir, 1)) == 0)
    {
      printf ("Empty direction file (why?)\n") ;
      close (fd) ;
      continue ;
    }

    /**/ if (dir == 'o')
      printf ("Output ") ;
    else if (dir == 'i')
      printf ("Input  ") ;
    else
      printf ("Wrong  ") ;

    close (fd) ;

 // Try to Read the value

    sprintf (fName, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/value", i) ;
    if ((fd = open (fName, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
    {
      printf ("No Value file (huh?)\n") ;
      continue ;
    }

    if ((l = read (fd, &val, 1)) == 0)
    {
      printf ("Empty Value file (why?)\n") ;
      close (fd) ;
      continue ;
    }

    /**/ if (val == '0' )
      printf ("(0)\n") ;
    else if (val == '1')
      printf ("(1)\n") ;
    else
      printf ("(?)\n") ;

    close (fd) ;
  }
 }


 /*
 * doExport:
 *	gpio export pin mode
 *	This uses the /sys/class/gpio device interface.
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void doExport (int argc, char *argv [])
 {
  FILE *fd ;
  int pin ;
  char *mode ;
  char fName [128] ;
  uid_t uid ;
  gid_t gid ;

  if (argc != 4)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s export pin mode\n", argv [0]) ;
    exit (1) ;
  }

  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;

  mode = argv [3] ;

  if ((fd = fopen ("/sys/class/gpio/export", "w")) == NULL)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to open GPIO export interface: %s\n", argv [0], strerror (errno)) ;
    exit (1) ;
  }

  fprintf (fd, "%d\n", pin) ;
  fclose (fd) ;

  sprintf (fName, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/direction", pin) ;
  if ((fd = fopen (fName, "w")) == NULL)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to open GPIO direction interface for pin %d: %s\n", argv [0], pin, strerror (errno)) ;
    exit (1) ;
  }

  /**/ if (strcasecmp (mode, "in")   == 0)
    fprintf (fd, "in\n") ;
  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "out")  == 0)
    fprintf (fd, "out\n") ;
  else
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Invalid mode: %s. Should be in or out\n", argv [1], mode) ;
    exit (1) ;
  }

  fclose (fd) ;

 // Change ownership so the current user can actually use it!

  uid = getuid () ;
  gid = getgid () ;

  sprintf (fName, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/value", pin) ;
  if (chown (fName, uid, gid) != 0)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to change ownership of the value file: %s\n", argv [1], strerror (errno)) ;
    exit (1) ;
  }
  
 }


 /*
 * doUnexport:
 *	gpio unexport pin
 *	This uses the /sys/class/gpio device interface.
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void doUnexport (int argc, char *argv [])
 {
  FILE *fd ;
  int pin ;

  if (argc != 3)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s unexport pin\n", argv [0]) ;
    exit (1) ;
  }

  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;

  if ((fd = fopen ("/sys/class/gpio/unexport", "w")) == NULL)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to open GPIO export interface\n", argv [0]) ;
    exit (1) ;
  }

  fprintf (fd, "%d\n", pin) ;
  fclose (fd) ;
 }

 /*
 * doMode:
 *	gpio mode pin mode ...
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void doMode (int argc, char *argv [])
 {
  int pin ;
  char *mode ;

  if (argc != 4)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s mode pin mode\n", argv [0]) ;
    exit (1) ;
  }

  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;

  if ((wpMode == WPI_MODE_PINS) && ((pin < 0) || (pin >= NUM_PINS)))
    return ;

  mode = argv [3] ;

  /**/ if (strcasecmp (mode, "in")   == 0)
    pinMode (pin, INPUT) ;
  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "out")  == 0)
    pinMode (pin, OUTPUT) ;
  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "pwm")  == 0)
    pinMode (pin, PWM_OUTPUT) ;
  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "up")   == 0)
    pullUpDnControl (pin, PUD_UP) ;
  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "down") == 0)
    pullUpDnControl (pin, PUD_DOWN) ;
  else if (strcasecmp (mode, "tri") == 0)
    pullUpDnControl (pin, PUD_OFF) ;
  else
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Invalid mode: %s. Should be in/out/pwm/up/down/tri\n", argv [1], mode) ;
    exit (1) ;
  }
 }

 /*
 * doWrite:
 *	gpio write pin value
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void doWrite (int argc, char *argv [])
 {
  int pin, val ;

  if (argc != 4)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s write pin value\n", argv [0]) ;
    exit (1) ;
  }

  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;

  if ((wpMode == WPI_MODE_PINS) && ((pin < 0) || (pin >= NUM_PINS)))
    return ;

  val = atoi (argv [3]) ;

  /**/ if (val == 0)
    digitalWrite (pin, LOW) ;
  else
    digitalWrite (pin, HIGH) ;
 }


 /*
 * doRead:
 *	Read a pin and return the value
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void doRead (int argc, char *argv []) 
 {
  int pin, val ;

  if (argc != 3)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s read pin\n", argv [0]) ;
    exit (1) ;
  }

  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;

  if ((wpMode == WPI_MODE_PINS) && ((pin < 0) || (pin >= NUM_PINS)))
  {
    printf ("0\n") ;
    return ;
  }

  val = digitalRead (pin) ;

  printf ("%s\n", val == 0 ? "0" : "1") ;
 }


 /*
 * doPwm:
 *	Output a PWM value on a pin
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void doPwm (int argc, char *argv [])
 {
  int pin, val ;

  if (argc != 4)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s pwm <pin> <value>\n", argv [0]) ;
    exit (1) ;
  }

  pin = atoi (argv [2]) ;

  if ((wpMode == WPI_MODE_PINS) && ((pin < 0) || (pin >= NUM_PINS)))
    return ;

  val = atoi (argv [3]) ;

  pwmWrite (pin, val) ;
 }


 /*
 * main:
 *	Start here
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 int main (int argc, char *argv [])
 {
  int i ;

  if (argc == 1)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "%s: %s\n", argv [0], usage) ;
    return 1 ;
  }

  if (geteuid () != 0)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Must be root to run\n", argv [0]) ;
    return 1 ;
  }

 // Initial test for /sys/class/gpio operations:

  /**/ if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "exports" ) == 0)
    { doExports () ;		return 0 ; }
  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "export"  ) == 0)
    { doExport (argc, argv) ;	return 0 ; }
  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "unexport") == 0)
    { doUnexport (argc, argv) ;	return 0 ; }

 // Check for -g argument

  if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "-g") == 0)
  {
    if (wiringPiSetupGpio () == -1)
    {
      fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to initialise GPIO in GPIO mode.\n", argv [0]) ;
      exit (1) ;
    }

    for (i = 2 ; i < argc ; ++i)
      argv [i - 1] = argv [i] ;
    --argc ;
    wpMode = WPI_MODE_GPIO ;
  }
  else
  {
    if (wiringPiSetup () == -1)
    {
      fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unable to initialise GPIO in wiringPi mode\n", argv [0]) ;
      exit (1) ;
    }
    wpMode = WPI_MODE_PINS ;
  }

  /**/ if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "write"   ) == 0)
    doWrite  (argc, argv) ;
  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "read"    ) == 0)
    doRead   (argc, argv) ;
  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "mode"    ) == 0)
    doMode   (argc, argv) ;
  else if (strcasecmp (argv [1], "pwm"     ) == 0)
    doPwm    (argc, argv) ;
  else
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "%s: Unknown command: %s. (read/write/pwm/mode/export/unexport expected)\n", argv [0], argv [1]) ;
    exit (1) ;
  }
  return 0 ;
 }
--- a/gpio/test.sh
+++ b/gpio/test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
 #!/bin/bash

 # Simple test - assumes LEDs on Pins 0-7.

 for i in `seq 0 7`;
 do
  gpio mode $i out
 done

 while true;
 do
  for i in `seq 0 7`;
  do
    gpio write $i 1
    sleep 0.1
  done

  for i in `seq 0 7`;
  do
    gpio write $i 0
    sleep 0.1
  done
 done
--- a/wiringPi/COPYING
+++ b/wiringPi/COPYING
@@ -0,0 +1,674 @@
                    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
                       Version 3, 29 June 2007

 Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

                            Preamble

  The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
 software and other kinds of works.

  The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
 to take away your freedom to share and change the works.  By contrast,
 the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
 share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free
 software for all its users.  We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
 GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
 any other work released this way by its authors.  You can apply it to
 your programs, too.

  When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
 price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
 have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
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  To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
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  Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
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                       TERMS AND CONDITIONS

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  If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
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                     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS

            How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs

  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
 possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
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 the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.

    <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
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    (at your option) any later version.

    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.

  If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
 notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:

    <program>  Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
    This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.

 The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
 parts of the General Public License.  Of course, your program's commands
 might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".

  You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
 if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
 For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

  The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
 into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you
 may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
 the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
 Public License instead of this License.  But first, please read
 <http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.
--- a/wiringPi/Makefile
+++ b/wiringPi/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
 #
 # Makefile:
 #	wiringPi - Wiring Compatable library for the Raspberry Pi
 #
 #	Copyright (c) 2012 Gordon Henderson
 #################################################################################
 # This file is part of wiringPi:
 #	https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/
 #
 #    wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 #    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 #    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 #    (at your option) any later version.
 #
 #    wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 #    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 #    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 #    GNU General Public License for more details.
 #
 #    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 #    along with wiringPi.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #################################################################################


 TARGET=libwiringPi.a

 #DEBUG	= -g -O0
 DEBUG	= -O3
 CC	= gcc
 INCLUDE	= -I.
 CFLAGS	= $(DEBUG) -Wall $(INCLUDE) -Winline -pipe

 LIBS    =

 # Should not alter anything below this line
 ###############################################################################

 SRC	=	wiringPi.c serial.c wiringShift.c

 OBJ	=	wiringPi.o serial.o wiringShift.o

 all:		$(TARGET)

 $(TARGET):	$(OBJ)
 	@echo [AR] $(OBJ)
 	@ar rcs $(TARGET) $(OBJ)
 	@size $(TARGET)

 .c.o:
 	@echo [CC] $<
 	@$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

 clean:
 	rm -f $(OBJ) $(TARGET) *~ core tags Makefile.bak

 tags:	$(SRC)
 	@echo [ctags]
 	@ctags $(SRC)

 depend:
 	makedepend -Y $(SRC)

 install:	$(TARGET)
 	@echo [install]
 	install -m 0755 -d /usr/local/lib
 	install -m 0755 -d /usr/local/include
 	install -m 0644 wiringPi.h /usr/local/include
 	install -m 0644 serial.h /usr/local/include
 	install -m 0644 wiringShift.h /usr/local/include
 	install -m 0644 libwiringPi.a /usr/local/lib

 uninstall:
 	@echo [uninstall]
 	rm -f /usr/local/include/wiringPi.h
 	rm -f /usr/local/lib/libwiringPi.a



 # DO NOT DELETE

 wiringPi.o: wiringPi.h
 serial.o: serial.h
 wiringShift.o: wiringPi.h wiringShift.h
--- a/wiringPi/README
+++ b/wiringPi/README
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@

 WiringPi: An implementation of most of the Arduino Wiring
 	functions for the Raspberry Pi

 Full details at:
 	https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/

--- a/wiringPi/serial.c
+++ b/wiringPi/serial.c
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
 /*
 * serial.c:
 *	Handle a serial port
 ***********************************************************************
 * This file is part of wiringPi:
 *	https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/
 *
 *    wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 *    (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *    wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *    GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *    along with wiringPi.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 ***********************************************************************
 */

 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <termios.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>

 #include "serial.h"

 /*
 * serialOpen:
 *	Open and initialise the serial port, setting all the right
 *	port parameters - or as many as are required - hopefully!
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 int serialOpen (char *device, int baud)
 {
  struct termios options ;
  speed_t myBaud ;
  int     status, fd ;

 #ifdef	DEBUG
  printf ("openSerialPort: <%s> baud: $d\n", device, baud) ;
 #endif

  switch (baud)
  {
    case     50:	myBaud =     B50 ; break ;
    case     75:	myBaud =     B75 ; break ;
    case    110:	myBaud =    B110 ; break ;
    case    134:	myBaud =    B134 ; break ;
    case    150:	myBaud =    B150 ; break ;
    case    200:	myBaud =    B200 ; break ;
    case    300:	myBaud =    B300 ; break ;
    case    600:	myBaud =    B600 ; break ;
    case   1200:	myBaud =   B1200 ; break ;
    case   1800:	myBaud =   B1800 ; break ;
    case   2400:	myBaud =   B2400 ; break ;
    case   9600:	myBaud =   B9600 ; break ;
    case  19200:	myBaud =  B19200 ; break ;
    case  38400:	myBaud =  B38400 ; break ;
    case  57600:	myBaud =  B57600 ; break ;
    case 115200:	myBaud = B115200 ; break ;
    case 230400:	myBaud = B230400 ; break ;

    default:
      return -2 ;
  }

  if ((fd = open (device, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY | O_NONBLOCK)) == -1)
    return -1 ;

  fcntl (fd, F_SETFL, O_RDWR) ;

 // Get and modify current options:

  tcgetattr (fd, &options) ;

  cfmakeraw   (&options) ;
  cfsetispeed (&options, myBaud) ;
  cfsetospeed (&options, myBaud) ;

  options.c_cflag |= (CLOCAL | CREAD) ;
  options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB ;
  options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB ;
  options.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE ;
  options.c_cflag |= CS8 ;
  options.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO | ECHOE | ISIG) ;
  options.c_oflag &= ~OPOST ;

  options.c_cc [VMIN]  =   0 ;
  options.c_cc [VTIME] = 100 ;	// Ten seconds (100 deciseconds)

  tcsetattr (fd, TCSANOW, &options) ;

  ioctl (fd, TIOCMGET, &status);

  status |= TIOCM_DTR ;
  status |= TIOCM_RTS ;

  ioctl (fd, TIOCMSET, &status);

  usleep (10000) ;	// 10mS

  return fd ;
 }


 /*
 * serialClose:
 *	Release the serial port
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void serialClose (int fd)
 {
  close (fd) ;
 }


 /*
 * serialPutchar:
 *	Send a single character to the serial port
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void serialPutchar (int fd, uint8_t c)
 {
  write (fd, &c, 1) ;
 }


 /*
 * serialPuts:
 *	Send a string to the serial port
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void serialPuts (int fd, char *s)
 {
  write (fd, s, strlen (s)) ;
 }

 /*
 * serialPrintf:
 *	Printf over Serial
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void serialPrintf (int fd, char *message, ...)
 {
  va_list argp ;
  char buffer [1024] ;

  va_start (argp, message) ;
    vsnprintf (buffer, 1023, message, argp) ;
  va_end (argp) ;

  serialPuts (fd, buffer) ;
 }


 /*
 * serialDataAvail:
 *	Return the number of bytes of data avalable to be read in the serial port
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 int serialDataAvail (int fd)
 {
  int result ;

  if (ioctl (fd, FIONREAD, &result) == -1)
    return -1 ;

  return result ;
 }


 /*
 * serialGetchar:
 *	Get a single character from the serial device.
 *	Note: Zero is a valid character and this function will time-out after
 *	10 seconds.
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 int serialGetchar (int fd)
 {
  uint8_t x ;

  if (read (fd, &x, 1) != 1)
    return -1 ;

  return ((int)x) & 0xFF ;
 }
--- a/wiringPi/serial.h
+++ b/wiringPi/serial.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
 /*
 * serial.h:
 *	Handle a serial port
 ***********************************************************************
 * This file is part of wiringPi:
 *	https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/
 *
 *    wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 *    (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *    wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *    GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *    along with wiringPi.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 ***********************************************************************
 */

 #ifndef	_STDINT_H
 #  include <stdint.h>
 #endif

 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif

 extern int   serialOpen      (char *device, int baud) ;
 extern void  serialClose     (int fd) ;
 extern void  serialPutchar   (int fd, uint8_t c) ;
 extern void  serialPuts      (int fd, char *s) ;
 extern void  serialPrintf    (int fd, char *message, ...) ;
 extern int   serialDataAvail (int fd) ;
 extern int   serialGetchar   (int fd) ;

 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
 #endif
--- a/wiringPi/wiringPi.c
+++ b/wiringPi/wiringPi.c
@@ -0,0 +1,729 @@
 /*
 * wiringPi:
 *	Arduino compatable (ish) Wiring library for the Raspberry Pi
 *	Copyright (c) 2012 Gordon Henderson
 *
 *	Thanks to code samples from Gert Jan van Loo and the
 *	BCM2835 ARM Peripherals manual, however it's missing
 *	the clock section /grr/mutter/
 ***********************************************************************
 * This file is part of wiringPi:
 *	https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/
 *
 *    wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 *    (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *    wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *    GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *    along with wiringPi.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 ***********************************************************************
 */

 // Revisions:
 //	 2 Jul 2012:
 //		Fixed a few more bugs to do with range-checking when in GPIO mode.
 //	11 Jun 2012:
 //		Fixed some typos.
 //		Added c++ support for the .h file
 //		Added a new function to allow for using my "pin" numbers, or native
 //			GPIO pin numbers.
 //		Removed my busy-loop delay and replaced it with a call to delayMicroseconds
 //
 //	02 May 2012:
 //		Added in the 2 UART pins
 //		Change maxPins to numPins to more accurately reflect purpose

 // Pad drive current fiddling

 #undef	DEBUG_PADS

 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <time.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>



 #include "wiringPi.h"

 #ifndef	TRUE
 #define	TRUE	(1==1)
 #define	FALSE	(1==2)
 #endif

 // Port function select bits

 #define	FSEL_INPT		0b000
 #define	FSEL_OUTP		0b001
 #define	FSEL_ALT0		0b100
 #define	FSEL_ALT0		0b100
 #define	FSEL_ALT1		0b101
 #define	FSEL_ALT2		0b110
 #define	FSEL_ALT3		0b111
 #define	FSEL_ALT4		0b011
 #define	FSEL_ALT5		0b010

 // Access from ARM Running Linux
 //	Take from Gerts code. Some of this is not in the manual
 //	that I can find )-:

 #define BCM2708_PERI_BASE	0x20000000
 #define GPIO_PADS		(BCM2708_PERI_BASE + 0x100000)
 #define CLOCK_BASE		(BCM2708_PERI_BASE + 0x101000)
 #define GPIO_BASE		(BCM2708_PERI_BASE + 0x200000)
 #define GPIO_PWM		(BCM2708_PERI_BASE + 0x20C000)

 #define	PAGE_SIZE		(4*1024)
 #define	BLOCK_SIZE		(4*1024)

 // PWM

 #define	PWM_CONTROL 0
 #define	PWM_STATUS  1
 #define	PWM0_RANGE  4
 #define	PWM0_DATA   5
 #define	PWM1_RANGE  8
 #define	PWM1_DATA   9

 #define	PWMCLK_CNTL	40
 #define	PWMCLK_DIV	41

 #define	PWM1_MS_MODE    0x8000  // Run in MS mode
 #define	PWM1_USEFIFO    0x2000  // Data from FIFO
 #define	PWM1_REVPOLAR   0x1000  // Reverse polarity
 #define	PWM1_OFFSTATE   0x0800  // Ouput Off state
 #define	PWM1_REPEATFF   0x0400  // Repeat last value if FIFO empty
 #define	PWM1_SERIAL     0x0200  // Run in serial mode
 #define	PWM1_ENABLE     0x0100  // Channel Enable

 #define	PWM0_MS_MODE    0x0080  // Run in MS mode
 #define	PWM0_USEFIFO    0x0020  // Data from FIFO
 #define	PWM0_REVPOLAR   0x0010  // Reverse polarity
 #define	PWM0_OFFSTATE   0x0008  // Ouput Off state
 #define	PWM0_REPEATFF   0x0004  // Repeat last value if FIFO empty
 #define	PWM0_SERIAL     0x0002  // Run in serial mode
 #define	PWM0_ENABLE     0x0001  // Channel Enable


 // Locals to hold pointers to the hardware

 static volatile uint32_t *gpio ;
 static volatile uint32_t *pwm ;
 static volatile uint32_t *clk ;

 // The BCM2835 has 54 GPIO pins.
 //	BCM2835 data sheet, Page 90 onwards.
 //	There are 6 control registers, each control the functions of a block
 //	of 10 pins.
 //	Each control register has 10 sets of 3 bits per GPIO pin:
 //
 //	000 = GPIO Pin X is an input
 //	001 = GPIO Pin X is an output
 //	100 = GPIO Pin X takes alternate function 0
 //	101 = GPIO Pin X takes alternate function 1
 //	110 = GPIO Pin X takes alternate function 2
 //	111 = GPIO Pin X takes alternate function 3
 //	011 = GPIO Pin X takes alternate function 4
 //	010 = GPIO Pin X takes alternate function 5
 //
 // So the 3 bits for port X are:
 //	X / 10 + ((X % 10) * 3)

 // sysFds:
 //	Map a file descriptor from the /sys/class/gpio/gpioX/value file

 static int sysFds [64] ;

 // Mode

 static int gpioPinMode ;

 // Doing it the Arduino way with lookup tables...
 //	Yes, it's probably more innefficient than all the bit-twidling, but it
 //	does tend to make it all a bit clearer. At least to me!

 // pinToGpio:
 //	Take a Wiring pin (0 through X) and re-map it to the BCM_GPIO pin

 static int pinToGpio [] =
 {
  17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 4,	// From the Original Wiki - GPIO 0 through 7
   0,  1,				// I2C  - SDA0, SCL0
   8,  7,				// SPI  - CE1, CE0
  10,  9, 11, 				// SPI  - MOSI, MISO, SCLK
  14, 15,				// UART - Tx, Rx
 } ;

 // gpioToGPFSEL:
 //	Map a BCM_GPIO pin to it's control port. (GPFSEL 0-5)

 static uint8_t gpioToGPFSEL [] =
 {
  0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
  1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
  2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,
  3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,
  4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,
  5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,
 } ;

 // gpioToShift
 //	Define the shift up for the 3 bits per pin in each GPFSEL port

 static uint8_t gpioToShift [] =
 {
  0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,
  0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,
  0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,
  0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,
  0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,
 } ;

 // gpioToGPSET:
 //	(Word) offset to the GPIO Set registers for each GPIO pin

 static uint8_t gpioToGPSET [] =
 {
   7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7,
   8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8,
 } ;

 // gpioToGPCLR:
 //	(Word) offset to the GPIO Clear registers for each GPIO pin

 static uint8_t gpioToGPCLR [] =
 {
  10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,
  11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,11,
 } ;

 // gpioToGPLEV:
 //	(Word) offset to the GPIO Input level registers for each GPIO pin

 static uint8_t gpioToGPLEV [] =
 {
  13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,13,
  14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,14,
 } ;

 // gpioToPUDCLK
 //	(Word) offset to the Pull Up Down Clock regsiter

 static uint8_t gpioToPUDCLK [] =
 {
  38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,38,
  39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,39,
 } ;

 // gpioToPwmALT
 //	the ALT value to put a GPIO pin into PWM mode

 static uint8_t gpioToPwmALT [] =
 {
          0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,	//  0 ->  7
          0,         0,         0,         0, FSEL_ALT0, FSEL_ALT0,         0,         0, 	//  8 -> 15
          0,         0, FSEL_ALT5, FSEL_ALT5,         0,         0,         0,         0, 	// 16 -> 23
          0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,	// 24 -> 31
          0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,	// 32 -> 39
  FSEL_ALT0, FSEL_ALT0,         0,         0,         0, FSEL_ALT0,         0,         0,	// 40 -> 47
          0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,	// 48 -> 55
          0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,	// 56 -> 63
 } ;

 static uint8_t gpioToPwmPort [] =
 {
          0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,	//  0 ->  7
          0,         0,         0,         0, PWM0_DATA, PWM1_DATA,         0,         0, 	//  8 -> 15
          0,         0, PWM0_DATA, PWM1_DATA,         0,         0,         0,         0, 	// 16 -> 23
          0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,	// 24 -> 31
          0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,	// 32 -> 39
  PWM0_DATA, PWM1_DATA,         0,         0,         0, PWM1_DATA,         0,         0,	// 40 -> 47
          0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,	// 48 -> 55
          0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,         0,	// 56 -> 63

 } ;


 // Time for easy calculations

 static unsigned long long epoch ;

 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////


 /*
 * wiringPiGpioMode:
 *	Set the mode - use Pin numbers (0-16) or GPIO number (seemingly random)
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void wiringPiGpioMode (int mode)
 {
  gpioPinMode = mode ;
 }


 /*
 * wiringPiSetup:
 *	Must be called once at the start of your program execution.
 *
 * Default setup: Initialises the system into wiringPi Pin mode and uses the
 *	memory mapped hardware directly.
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 int wiringPiSetup (void)
 {
  int      fd ;
  uint8_t *gpioMem, *pwmMem, *clkMem ;
  struct timeval tv ;

 #ifdef	DEBUG_PADS
  uint8_t *gpioMem, *padsMem, *pwmMem, *clkMem ;
  uint32_t *pads ;
 #endif

 // Set Pin mode by default

  wiringPiGpioMode (WPI_MODE_PINS) ;
  
 // Open the master /dev/memory device

  if ((fd = open ("/dev/mem", O_RDWR | O_SYNC) ) < 0)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "wiringPiSetup: Unable to open /dev/mem: %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
    return -1 ;
  }

 // GPIO:

 // Allocate 2 pages - 1 ...

  if ((gpioMem = malloc (BLOCK_SIZE + (PAGE_SIZE-1))) == NULL)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "wiringPiSetup: malloc failed: %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
    return -1 ;
  }

 // ... presumably to make sure we can round it up to a whole page size

  if (((uint32_t)gpioMem % PAGE_SIZE) != 0)
    gpioMem += PAGE_SIZE - ((uint32_t)gpioMem % PAGE_SIZE) ;

  gpio = (uint32_t *)mmap((caddr_t)gpioMem, BLOCK_SIZE, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED|MAP_FIXED, fd, GPIO_BASE) ;

  if ((int32_t)gpio < 0)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "wiringPiSetup: mmap failed: %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
    return -1 ;
  }

 // PWM

  if ((pwmMem = malloc (BLOCK_SIZE + (PAGE_SIZE-1))) == NULL)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "wiringPiSetup: pwmMem malloc failed: %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
    return -1 ;
  }

  if (((uint32_t)pwmMem % PAGE_SIZE) != 0)
    pwmMem += PAGE_SIZE - ((uint32_t)pwmMem % PAGE_SIZE) ;

  pwm = (uint32_t *)mmap(pwmMem, BLOCK_SIZE, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED|MAP_FIXED, fd, GPIO_PWM) ;

  if ((int32_t)pwm < 0)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "wiringPiSetup: mmap failed (pwm): %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
    return -1 ;
  }
 
 // Clock control (needed for PWM)

  if ((clkMem = malloc (BLOCK_SIZE + (PAGE_SIZE-1))) == NULL)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "wiringPiSetup: clkMem malloc failed: %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
    return -1 ;
  }

  if (((uint32_t)clkMem % PAGE_SIZE) != 0)
    clkMem += PAGE_SIZE - ((uint32_t)clkMem % PAGE_SIZE) ;

  clk = (uint32_t *)mmap(clkMem, BLOCK_SIZE, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED|MAP_FIXED, fd, CLOCK_BASE) ;

  if ((int32_t)clk < 0)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "wiringPiSetup: mmap failed (clk): %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
    return -1 ;
  }
 
 #ifdef	DEBUG_PADS
  if ((padsMem = malloc (BLOCK_SIZE + (PAGE_SIZE-1))) == NULL)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "wiringPiSetup: padsMem malloc failed: %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
    return -1 ;
  }

  if (((uint32_t)padsMem % PAGE_SIZE) != 0)
    padsMem += PAGE_SIZE - ((uint32_t)padsMem % PAGE_SIZE) ;

  pads = (uint32_t *)mmap(padsMem, BLOCK_SIZE, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED|MAP_FIXED, fd, GPIO_PADS) ;

  if ((int32_t)pads < 0)
  {
    fprintf (stderr, "wiringPiSetup: mmap failed (pads): %s\n", strerror (errno)) ;
    return -1 ;
  }
 
  printf ("Checking pads @ 0x%08X\n", (unsigned int)pads) ;

  printf ("%08X %08X %08X\n", *(pads + 11), *(pads + 12), *(pads + 13)) ;
 //  *(pads + 11) = 0x1F ;
  printf ("%08X %08X %08X\n", *(pads + 11), *(pads + 12), *(pads + 13)) ;
 #endif

  gettimeofday (&tv, NULL) ;
  epoch = (tv.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv.tv_usec) / 1000 ;

  return 0 ;
 }


 /*
 * wiringPiSetupGpio:
 *	Must be called once at the start of your program execution.
 *
 * GPIO setup: Initialises the system into GPIO Pin mode and uses the
 *	memory mapped hardware directly.
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 int wiringPiSetupGpio (void)
 {
  int x = wiringPiSetup () ;

  if (x != 0)
    return x ;

  wiringPiGpioMode (WPI_MODE_GPIO) ;
  return 0 ;
 }


 /*
 * wiringPiSetupSys:
 *	Must be called once at the start of your program execution.
 *
 * Initialisation (again), however this time we are using the /sys/class/gpio
 *	interface to the GPIO systems - slightly slower, but always usable as
 *	a non-root user, assuming the devices are already exported and setup correctly.
 */

 int wiringPiSetupSys (void)
 {
  int fd, pin ;
  struct timeval tv ;
  char fName [128] ;

 // Set GPIO_SYS mode by default

  wiringPiGpioMode (WPI_MODE_GPIO_SYS) ;

 // Open and scan the directory, looking for exported GPIOs, and pre-open
 //	the 'value' part to speed things up for later
  
  for (pin = 0 ; pin < 64 ; ++pin)
  {
    sysFds [pin] = -1 ;
    sprintf (fName, "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/value", pin) ;
    if ((fd = open (fName, O_RDWR)) == -1)
      continue ;
    sysFds [pin] = fd ;
  }

  gettimeofday (&tv, NULL) ;
  epoch = (tv.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv.tv_usec) / 1000 ;

  return 0 ;
 }


 /*
 * pinMode:
 *	Sets the mode of a pin to be input, output or PWM output
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void pinMode (int pin, int mode)
 {
  static int pwmRunning  = FALSE ;

  int gpioPin, fSel, shift ;
  int alt ;

 // We can't change the mode in GPIO_SYS mode

  if (gpioPinMode == WPI_MODE_GPIO_SYS)
    return ;

  if (gpioPinMode == WPI_MODE_PINS)
  {
    if ((pin < 0) || (pin >= NUM_PINS))
      return ;
    gpioPin = pinToGpio    [pin] ;
  }
  else
    gpioPin = pin ;

  fSel    = gpioToGPFSEL [gpioPin] ;
  shift   = gpioToShift  [gpioPin] ;

  /**/ if (mode == INPUT)
    *(gpio + fSel) = (*(gpio + fSel) & ~(7 << shift)) ; // Sets bits to zero = input
  else if (mode == OUTPUT)
    *(gpio + fSel) = (*(gpio + fSel) & ~(7 << shift)) | (1 << shift) ;
  else if (mode == PWM_OUTPUT)
  {
    if ((alt = gpioToPwmALT [gpioPin]) == 0)	// Not a PWM pin
      return ;

 // Set pin to PWM mode

    *(gpio + fSel) = (*(gpio + fSel) & ~(7 << shift)) | (alt << shift) ;

 // We didn't initialise the PWM hardware at setup time - because it's possible that
 //	something else is using the PWM - e.g. the Audio systems! So if we use PWM
 //	here, then we're assuming that nothing else is, otherwise things are going
 //	to sound a bit funny...

    if (!pwmRunning)
    {

 //	Gert/Doms Values
      *(clk + PWMCLK_DIV)  = 0x5A000000 | (32<<12) ;	// set pwm div to 32 (19.2/3 = 600KHz)
      *(clk + PWMCLK_CNTL) = 0x5A000011 ;		// Source=osc and enable
      digitalWrite (pin, LOW) ;
      *(pwm + PWM_CONTROL) = 0 ;			// Disable PWM
      delayMicroseconds (10) ;
      *(pwm + PWM0_RANGE) = 0x400 ;
      delayMicroseconds (10) ;
      *(pwm + PWM1_RANGE) = 0x400 ;
      delayMicroseconds (10) ;

 // Enable PWMs

      *(pwm + PWM0_DATA) = 512 ;
      *(pwm + PWM1_DATA) = 512 ;

      *(pwm + PWM_CONTROL) = PWM0_ENABLE | PWM1_ENABLE ;
    }

  }

 // When we change mode of any pin, we remove the pull up/downs

  pullUpDnControl (pin, PUD_OFF) ;
 }


 /*
 * digitalWrite:
 *	Set an output bit
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void digitalWrite (int pin, int value)
 {
  int gpioPin ;

  if (gpioPinMode == WPI_MODE_PINS)
  {
    if ((pin < 0) || (pin >= NUM_PINS))
      return ;
    gpioPin = pinToGpio [pin] ;
  }
  else
    gpioPin = pin ;

  if (gpioPinMode == WPI_MODE_GPIO_SYS)
  {
    if (sysFds [gpioPin] != -1)
    {
      if (value == LOW)
 	write (sysFds [gpioPin], "0\n", 2) ;
      else
 	write (sysFds [gpioPin], "1\n", 2) ;
    }
  }
  else
  {
    if (value == LOW)
      *(gpio + gpioToGPCLR [gpioPin]) = 1 << gpioPin ;
    else
      *(gpio + gpioToGPSET [gpioPin]) = 1 << gpioPin ;
  }
 }


 /*
 * pwnWrite:
 *	Set an output PWM value
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void pwmWrite (int pin, int value)
 {
  int port, gpioPin ;

 // We can't do this in GPIO_SYS mode

  if (gpioPinMode == WPI_MODE_GPIO_SYS)
    return ;

  if (gpioPinMode == WPI_MODE_PINS)
  {
    if ((pin < 0) || (pin >= NUM_PINS))
      return ;
    gpioPin = pinToGpio [pin] ;
  }
  else
    gpioPin = pin ;

  port = gpioToPwmPort [gpioPin] ;

  *(pwm + port) = value & ~0x400 ;
 }


 /*
 * digitalRead:
 *	Read the value of a given Pin, returning HIGH or LOW
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 int digitalRead (int pin)
 {
  int gpioPin ;
  char c ;

  if (gpioPinMode == WPI_MODE_PINS)
  {
    if ((pin < 0) || (pin >= NUM_PINS))
      return 0 ;
    gpioPin = pinToGpio [pin] ;
  }
  else
    gpioPin = pin ;

  if (gpioPinMode == WPI_MODE_GPIO_SYS)
  {
    if (sysFds [gpioPin] == -1)
      return 0 ;
    else
    {
      lseek (sysFds [gpioPin], 0L, SEEK_SET) ;
      read  (sysFds [gpioPin], &c, 1) ;
      return (c == '0') ? 0 : 1 ;
    }
  }
  else
  {
    if ((*(gpio + gpioToGPLEV [gpioPin]) & (1 << gpioPin)) != 0)
      return HIGH ;
    else
      return LOW ;
  }
 }

 /*
 * pullUpDownCtrl:
 *	Control the internal pull-up/down resistors on a GPIO pin
 *	The Arduino only has pull-ups and these are enabled by writing 1
 *	to a port when in input mode - this paradigm doesn't quite apply
 *	here though.
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void pullUpDnControl (int pin, int pud)
 {
  int gpioPin ;

 // We can't do this in GPIO_SYS mode

  if (gpioPinMode == WPI_MODE_GPIO_SYS)
    return ;

  if (gpioPinMode == WPI_MODE_PINS)
  {
    if ((pin < 0) || (pin >= NUM_PINS))
      return ;
    gpioPin = pinToGpio [pin] ;
  }
  else
    gpioPin = pin ;

  *(gpio + 37) = pud ;
  delayMicroseconds (10) ;
  *(gpio + gpioToPUDCLK [gpioPin]) = 1 << gpioPin ;
  delayMicroseconds (10) ;
  
  *(gpio + 37) = 0 ;
  *(gpio + gpioToPUDCLK [gpioPin]) = 0 ;
 }


 /*
 * delay: delayMicroseconds
 *	Wait for some number of milli/micro seconds
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void delay (unsigned int howLong)
 {
  struct timespec sleeper, dummy ;

  sleeper.tv_sec  = (time_t)(howLong / 1000) ;
  sleeper.tv_nsec = (long)(howLong % 1000) * 1000000 ;

  nanosleep (&sleeper, &dummy) ;
 }

 void delayMicroseconds (unsigned int howLong)
 {
  struct timespec sleeper, dummy ;

  sleeper.tv_sec  = 0 ;
  sleeper.tv_nsec = (long)(howLong * 1000) ;

  nanosleep (&sleeper, &dummy) ;
 }

 /*
 * millis:
 *	Return a number of milliseconds as an unsigned int.
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 unsigned int millis (void)
 {
  struct timeval tv ;
  unsigned long long t1 ;

  gettimeofday (&tv, NULL) ;

  t1 = (tv.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv.tv_usec) / 1000 ;

  return (uint32_t)(t1 - epoch) ;
 }
--- a/wiringPi/wiringPi.h
+++ b/wiringPi/wiringPi.h
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
 /*
 * wiringPi:
 *	Arduino compatable (ish) Wiring library for the Raspberry Pi
 *	Copyright (c) 2012 Gordon Henderson
 ***********************************************************************
 * This file is part of wiringPi:
 *	https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/
 *
 *    wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 *    (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *    wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *    GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *    along with wiringPi.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 ***********************************************************************
 */

 // Handy defines

 #define	NUM_PINS	17

 #define	WPI_MODE_PINS		 0
 #define	WPI_MODE_GPIO		 1
 #define	WPI_MODE_GPIO_SYS	 2

 #define	INPUT		 0
 #define	OUTPUT		 1
 #define	PWM_OUTPUT	 2

 #define	LOW		 0
 #define	HIGH		 1

 #define	PUD_OFF		 0
 #define	PUD_DOWN	 1
 #define	PUD_UP		 2

 // Function prototypes
 //	c++ wrappers thanks to a commend by Nick Lott
 //	(and others on the Raspberry Pi forums)

 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif

 extern int  wiringPiSetup     (void) ;
 extern int  wiringPiSetupSys  (void) ;
 extern int  wiringPiSetupGpio (void) ;

 extern void wiringPiGpioMode  (int mode) ;

 extern void pullUpDnControl   (int pin, int pud) ;
 extern void pinMode           (int pin, int mode) ;
 extern void digitalWrite      (int pin, int value) ;
 extern void pwmWrite          (int pin, int value) ;
 extern int  digitalRead       (int pin) ;

 extern void         delay             (unsigned int howLong) ;
 extern void         delayMicroseconds (unsigned int howLong) ;
 extern unsigned int millis            (void) ;

 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
 #endif
--- a/wiringPi/wiringShift.c
+++ b/wiringPi/wiringShift.c
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
 /*
 * wiringShift.c:
 *	Emulate some of the Arduino wiring functionality. 
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2009-2012 Gordon Henderson.
 ***********************************************************************
 * This file is part of wiringPi:
 *	https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/
 *
 *    wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 *    (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *    wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *    GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *    along with wiringPi.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 ***********************************************************************
 */

 #include <stdint.h>

 #include "wiringPi.h"
 #include "wiringShift.h"

 /*
 * shiftIn:
 *	Shift data in from a clocked source
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 uint8_t shiftIn (uint8_t dPin, uint8_t cPin, uint8_t order)
 {
  uint8_t value = 0 ;
  int8_t  i ;
 
  if (order == MSBFIRST)
    for (i = 7 ; i >= 0 ; --i)
    {
      digitalWrite (cPin, HIGH) ;
      value |= digitalRead (dPin) << i ;
      digitalWrite (cPin, LOW) ;
    }
  else
    for (i = 0 ; i < 8 ; ++i)
    {
      digitalWrite (cPin, HIGH) ;
      value |= digitalRead (dPin) << i ;
      digitalWrite (cPin, LOW) ;
    }

  return value;
 }


 /*
 * shiftOut:
 *	Shift data out to a clocked source
 *********************************************************************************
 */

 void shiftOut (uint8_t dPin, uint8_t cPin, uint8_t order, uint8_t val)
 {
  int8_t i;

  if (order == MSBFIRST)
    for (i = 7 ; i >= 0 ; --i)
    {
      digitalWrite (dPin, val & (1 << i)) ;
      digitalWrite (cPin, HIGH) ;
      digitalWrite (cPin, LOW) ;
    }
  else
    for (i = 0 ; i < 8 ; ++i)
    {
      digitalWrite (dPin, val & (1 << i)) ;
      digitalWrite (cPin, HIGH) ;
      digitalWrite (cPin, LOW) ;
    }
 }
--- a/wiringPi/wiringShift.h
+++ b/wiringPi/wiringShift.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
 /*
 * wiringShift.h:
 *	Emulate some of the Arduino wiring functionality. 
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2009-2012 Gordon Henderson.
 ***********************************************************************
 * This file is part of wiringPi:
 *	https://projects.drogon.net/raspberry-pi/wiringpi/
 *
 *    wiringPi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 *    (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *    wiringPi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *    GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *    along with wiringPi.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 ***********************************************************************
 */

 #define	LSBFIRST	0
 #define	MSBFIRST	1

 #ifndef	_STDINT_H
 #  include <stdint.h>
 #endif

 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif

 extern uint8_t shiftIn  (uint8_t dPin, uint8_t cPin, uint8_t order) ;
 extern void    shiftOut (uint8_t dPin, uint8_t cPin, uint8_t order, uint8_t val) ;

 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
 #endif